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Java Virtual Machine

Ranked 3 of 11 language runtimes by recommenders

Mature, fast runtime with strong garbage collection, tooling and an ecosystem that runs many languages. Critics point to slow startup, warm-up and heavy memory use.

Mature, fast runtime with strong garbage collection, tooling and an ecosystem that runs many languages. Critics point to slow startup, warm-up and heavy memory use.

65 people gave an opinion

recommend it
42
criticize it
23
approval share
65%
Each figure is one person. RecommendsCriticizes

Recommended in 12 of 13 months

  1. November 2025: recommended
  2. December 2025: recommended
  3. January 2026: recommended
  4. February 2026: recommended
  5. March 2026: recommended
  6. April 2026: recommended
  7. May 2026: recommended
  8. June 2026: recommended
  9. July 2026: recommended
  10. August 2026: recommended
  11. September 2026: recommended
  12. October 2026: recommended
  13. November 2026: not recommended (month in progress)

Why it doesn’t carry the badge

  • 42 people recommend itNeeds 10 or more, met.
  • 1.8 recommenders for every criticNeeds 2 to 1 or better, not met.
  • Recommended in 12 of 13 monthsNeeds 4 or more, met.

The same three rules apply to every product, and the badge can’t be bought. How the badge works

What people say about it

The reasons people give, with the number of comments that give each one. Open a reason to read what they said.

Why people recommend it

Each mark is one comment

  • Strong performance and JIT compilation

    “The JVM proved to the mainstream that a virtual machine good be as fast (sometimes even faster) than a compiled binary.”

    Comment from 8 Dec 2025 in “Applets are officially gone, but Java in the browser is better”

    “it provides absurdly good performance and more packages than pretty much all three of these languages combined”

    Comment from 13 Jul 2026 in “Zig Creator Calls Spade a Spade, Anthropic Blows Smoke”

    “It's one of the fastest VMs out there and is one of the most customizable ones as well.”

    Comment from 9 Jun 2026 in “H2JVM – A Haskell Library for Writing JVM Bytecode”
  • Mature GC, tooling and ecosystem

    “The productivity the JVM provides is second to none, including observability and state of the art GCs.”

    Comment from 27 Sep 2026 in “Go Concurrency Distilled”

    “The JVM in particular is a very robust host and there's a large ecosystem for it.”

    Comment from 27 Nov 2025 in “Penpot: The Open-Source Figma”

    “Threads that really work and a good garbage collector for instance.”

    Comment from 16 Apr 2026 in “Ask HN: Why Hasn't Clojure Caught On?”
  • Runs many languages on many platforms

    “The value, of course, comes from having a generic machine that you can then compile down into whatever machine code you want.”

    Comment from 8 Dec 2025 in “Applets are officially gone, but Java in the browser is better”

    “Where you can run JVM, there's a pretty good chance you can run your app.”

    Comment from 15 Sep 2026 in “Java 27”

    “Garbage collection is also an option. Lots of backends on the JVM!”

    Comment from 21 Oct 2026 in “Today's PHP security release, and how we're strengthening security”
  • Stable and backward compatible

    “Whatever you produce that can run on the JVM will still be runnable in 30 years.”

    Comment from 3 May 2026 in “Windows API Is Successful Cross-Platform API”

    “the platform itself is extremely backwards compatible”

    Comment from 1 May 2026 in “Functional Programmers need to take a look at Zig”

What people warn about

Each mark is one comment

  • Slow startup and warm-up

    “It loads slowly, takes a while to warm up, generally needs a lot of memory and the runtime is large and idiosyncratic.”

    Comment from 14 Apr 2026 in “Someone Bought 30 WordPress Plugins and Planted a Backdoor in All of Them”

    “The only thing worse than launching the JVM from the command line, with it's looooooooooooong and inexplicable load time”

    Comment from 8 Dec 2025 in “Applets are officially gone, but Java in the browser is better”

    “Java's vm does not start in milliseconds nor has dozen independent implementations in every ecosystem”

    Comment from 11 Jun 2026 in “The Road to the WASM Component Model 1.0”
  • Heavy memory use

    “It loads slowly, takes a while to warm up, generally needs a lot of memory and the runtime is large and idiosyncratic.”

    Comment from 14 Apr 2026 in “Someone Bought 30 WordPress Plugins and Planted a Backdoor in All of Them”

    “And it hogs all your RAM or runs out of heap space, and online help says to pass more -Xmxwhatever flags”

    Comment from 8 Dec 2025 in “Applets are officially gone, but Java in the browser is better”

    “the lack of value types is a big contributor to why Java uses so much memory”

    Comment from 29 Mar 2026 in “Everything old is new again: memory optimization”
  • Slower than native code

    “The JVM is amazing technology for what it is, but what it is still limits how fast it can go.”

    Comment from 30 Oct 2026 on Hacker News

    “it's still so immensely wasteful compared to something well written running native”

    Comment from 19 Sep 2026 in “Saving another 100TB of RAM”

    “why JVM sucks, and why GO's approach to minimize GC pause latency is far superior”

    Comment from 1 Aug 2026 in “Golang proposal: container/: generic collection types”
  • Crashes across versions and platforms

    “JVM straight up crashed when Rosetta 2 was released and few years later it worked but with huge performance drop.”

    Comment from 16 Dec 2025 in “Native vs. emulation: World of Warcraft game performance on Snapdragon X Elite”

    “Minor version differences in the JVM result in unpredictable crashes.”

    Comment from 30 Apr 2026 in “Functional Programmers need to take a look at Zig”

Other language runtimes people recommend

The four most recommended other language runtimes, with the same counts for each, so you can compare like for like. The tick on each bar marks the 2 to 1 line the badge needs.

Java Virtual Machine compared with 4 alternatives
ProductRecommendCriticizeApprovalMonthsOwnedBadge
.NET29314866%1210 yrs28 owners—
BEAM (Erlang VM)802576%11—Approved
Java Virtual MachineThis page422365%12——
JVM392264%11——
GraalVM331865%12——
See all 11 language runtimes, ranked

What people said

40 of the 84 comments that mention it, newest first. Each links to the original comment.

“The JVM is amazing technology for what it is, but what it is still limits how fast it can go.”

MixedComment from 30 Oct 2026 on Hacker News

“Garbage collection is also an option. Lots of backends on the JVM!”

RecommendsComment from 21 Oct 2026 in “Today's PHP security release, and how we're strengthening security”

“I don't necessarily like the JVM, it's just the most popular system-independent bytecode virtual machine”

MixedComment from 21 Oct 2026 in “The Future of CSS”

“The productivity the JVM provides is second to none, including observability and state of the art GCs.”

RecommendsComment from 27 Sep 2026 in “Go Concurrency Distilled”

“it's still so immensely wasteful compared to something well written running native”

CriticizesComment from 19 Sep 2026 in “Saving another 100TB of RAM”

“the performance, reliability & ecosystem of the JVM is unmatched”

RecommendsComment from 16 Sep 2026 in “Java 27”

“Where you can run JVM, there's a pretty good chance you can run your app.”

RecommendsComment from 15 Sep 2026 in “Java 27”

“Meanwhile when I run tests on my JVM projects it can take 30 seconds just to start”

CriticizesComment from 11 Sep 2026 in “Rust is tier-1 language at Microsoft”

“The JVM is arguably one of the most advanced and capable JITing runtimes.”

RecommendsComment from 10 Sep 2026 in “JEP 544: Ahead-of-Time Code Compilation”

“Java compiles very fast because javac does little more than type checking”

RecommendsComment from 20 Aug 2026 in “DiffusionGemma Technical Report”

“Where imho the JVM rocks, is that you can instrument it in production”

RecommendsComment from 2 Aug 2026 in “Golang proposal: container/: generic collection types”

“why JVM sucks, and why GO's approach to minimize GC pause latency is far superior”

CriticizesComment from 1 Aug 2026 in “Golang proposal: container/: generic collection types”

“Outside the browser there is hardly any value, just use JVM or CLR directly.”

RecommendsComment from 25 Jul 2026 in “GC and Exceptions in Wasmtime”

“it provides absurdly good performance and more packages than pretty much all three of these languages combined”

RecommendsComment from 13 Jul 2026 in “Zig Creator Calls Spade a Spade, Anthropic Blows Smoke”

“it's pretty easy to run a bunch of language on the JVM”

RecommendsComment from 19 Jun 2026 in “Project Valhalla, Explained: How a Decade of Work Arrives in JDK 28”

“Java's vm does not start in milliseconds nor has dozen independent implementations in every ecosystem”

CriticizesComment from 11 Jun 2026 in “The Road to the WASM Component Model 1.0”

“It's a proven mechanism to getting more performance and better optimizations.”

RecommendsComment from 10 Jun 2026 in “H2JVM – A Haskell Library for Writing JVM Bytecode”

“It's one of the fastest VMs out there and is one of the most customizable ones as well.”

RecommendsComment from 9 Jun 2026 in “H2JVM – A Haskell Library for Writing JVM Bytecode”

“unparalleled combination of performance, productivity, and observability”

RecommendsComment from 9 Jun 2026 in “H2JVM – A Haskell Library for Writing JVM Bytecode”

“the claim that Erlang or Go are outright superior to the JVM doesn't really stand up”

RecommendsComment from 3 Jun 2026 in “My thoughts after using Clojure for about a month”

“Not to compete but to beat, and not too much, but the right amount.”

RecommendsComment from 3 Jun 2026 in “Every Byte Matters”

“once it gets warmed up, the modern JVM has state of the art dynamic compilation and GC”

RecommendsComment from 18 May 2026 in “Jank now has its own custom IR”

“The JVM can boot up in microseconds you just have to tune it a bit.”

RecommendsComment from 10 May 2026 on Hacker News

“Whatever you produce that can run on the JVM will still be runnable in 30 years.”

RecommendsComment from 3 May 2026 in “Windows API Is Successful Cross-Platform API”

“the platform itself is extremely backwards compatible”

RecommendsComment from 1 May 2026 in “Functional Programmers need to take a look at Zig”

“Minor version differences in the JVM result in unpredictable crashes.”

CriticizesComment from 30 Apr 2026 in “Functional Programmers need to take a look at Zig”

“Threads that really work and a good garbage collector for instance.”

RecommendsComment from 16 Apr 2026 in “Ask HN: Why Hasn't Clojure Caught On?”

“It loads slowly, takes a while to warm up, generally needs a lot of memory and the runtime is large and idiosyncratic.”

MixedComment from 14 Apr 2026 in “Someone Bought 30 WordPress Plugins and Planted a Backdoor in All of Them”

“the lack of value types is a big contributor to why Java uses so much memory”

CriticizesComment from 29 Mar 2026 in “Everything old is new again: memory optimization”

“the JVM is a marvel of engineering with millions of hours that were poured in by smart people”

RecommendsComment from 18 Mar 2026 in “Java 26 is here, and with it a solid foundation for the future”

“It's used by lots all round the world, and solves real problems, just not the ones we were hoping it would solve.”

MixedComment from 9 Jan 2026 in “What Happened to WebAssembly”

“I had to reserve 6gig of memory so that the jvm could actually start”

CriticizesComment from 30 Dec 2025 in “Binaries”

“JVM straight up crashed when Rosetta 2 was released and few years later it worked but with huge performance drop.”

CriticizesComment from 16 Dec 2025 in “Native vs. emulation: World of Warcraft game performance on Snapdragon X Elite”

“And it hogs all your RAM or runs out of heap space, and online help says to pass more -Xmxwhatever flags”

CriticizesComment from 8 Dec 2025 in “Applets are officially gone, but Java in the browser is better”

“The value, of course, comes from having a generic machine that you can then compile down into whatever machine code you want.”

MixedComment from 8 Dec 2025 in “Applets are officially gone, but Java in the browser is better”

“The JVM proved to the mainstream that a virtual machine good be as fast (sometimes even faster) than a compiled binary.”

RecommendsComment from 8 Dec 2025 in “Applets are officially gone, but Java in the browser is better”

“The only thing worse than launching the JVM from the command line, with it's looooooooooooong and inexplicable load time”

CriticizesComment from 8 Dec 2025 in “Applets are officially gone, but Java in the browser is better”

“the JVM can implement user-mode threads more efficiently than low-level languages can”

RecommendsComment from 2 Dec 2025 in “Zig's new plan for asynchronous programs”

“The JVM in particular is a very robust host and there's a large ecosystem for it.”

RecommendsComment from 27 Nov 2025 in “Penpot: The Open-Source Figma”

“The JVM is an amazing mature runtime with a boatload of tooling.”

RecommendsComment from 2 Nov 2025 in “Lisp: Notes on its Past and Future (1980)”

Counts come from 1,795,640 Hacker News comments, November 2025 to November 2026. How we count. Report a mistake.