WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation)
Ranked 10 of 45 GUI frameworks by recommenders
Free, mature Microsoft framework for building Windows desktop apps, praised for stability, high-DPI support, and composable controls. The most common caveat is complex XAML styling, and it is not cross-platform.
Free, mature Microsoft framework for building Windows desktop apps, praised for stability, high-DPI support, and composable controls. The most common caveat is complex XAML styling, and it is not cross-platform.
77 people gave an opinion
- recommend it
- 43
- criticize it
- 34
- approval share
- 56%
Recommended in 12 of 13 months
- November 2025: recommended
- December 2025: recommended
- January 2026: recommended
- February 2026: recommended
- March 2026: recommended
- April 2026: recommended
- May 2026: recommended
- June 2026: recommended
- July 2026: recommended
- August 2026: recommended
- September 2026: recommended
- October 2026: recommended
- November 2026: not recommended (month in progress)
Why it doesn’t carry the badge
- 43 people recommend itNeeds 10 or more, met.
- 1.2 recommenders for every criticNeeds 2 to 1 or better, not met.
- Recommended in 12 of 13 monthsNeeds 4 or more, met.
The same three rules apply to every product, and the badge can’t be bought. How the badge works
What people say about it
The reasons people give, with the number of comments that give each one. Open a reason to read what they said.
Why people recommend it
Each mark is one comment
Stable, mature and still supported
“WPF and Winforms are extremely stable with no real issues.”
Comment from 22 Mar 2026 in “Windows native app development is a mess” “MFC, WinForms, WPF are all still supported and updated.”
Comment from 22 Mar 2026 in “Windows native app development is a mess” “WinForms and WPF are still well supported.”
Comment from 10 Dec 2025 in “You used to be able to just create a Native GUI App in 10 seconds” - Comment from 23 Mar 2026 in “Windows native app development is a mess”
- Comment from 13 Feb 2026 in “Zed editor switching graphics lib from blade to wgpu”
- Comment from 10 Jan 2026 in “Microsoft May Have Created the Slowest Windows in 25 Years with Windows 11”
Official, supported Microsoft UI framework
“WinUI 3 and WPF are supposed to be the "official" frameworks to use”
Comment from 11 Jan 2026 in “Microsoft May Have Created the Slowest Windows in 25 Years with Windows 11” “The only modern and battle-tested UI framework on Windows is WPF.”
Comment from 23 Mar 2026 in “Windows native app development is a mess” “For what you describe, .NET + WinForms or WPF will work just fine.”
Comment from 22 Mar 2026 in “Windows native app development is a mess” - Comment from 6 Apr 2026 in “Microsoft Hasn't Had a Coherent GUI Strategy Since Petzold”
Composable primitives and accessibility
“WPF programs can have great accessibility - this comes from the fact that programmers can manipulate primitives which are semantically meaningful”
Comment from 30 May 2026 in “Is AI causing a repeat of Front end's Lost Decade?” “Extremely powerful with lots of small composable primitives”
Comment from 22 Mar 2026 in “Windows native app development is a mess” “that toolkit does a lot of things right with controls that only define their behavior”
Comment from 24 Sep 2026 in “A brief history of Windows scroll bar shortcuts” Handles HiDPI and dark mode well
“WPF is modern enough to handle things like dark mode and High DPI relatively well”
Comment from 2 May 2026 in “Visual Studio 2026 still ships the form designer Alan Cooper drew in 1987” “WPF scales and works perfectly with HiDPI displays”
Comment from 23 Mar 2026 in “Windows native app development is a mess” “There is nothing about the framework that says your app is going to look 'old'”
Comment from 17 May 2026 in “WinUI 3 Performance: A Leap Forward”
What people warn about
Each mark is one comment
Complex XAML styling, hard to maintain
“the drag and drop UI builder was the worst aspect of WPF and generated terrible Xaml that was almost impossible to maintain”
Comment from 12 Nov 2025 in “.NET MAUI is coming to Linux and the browser” “styling your GUI is so much more complicated and it descends into this overly complex impossible to understand system”
Comment from 2 May 2026 in “What did you love about VB6?” “XAML/WPF Styling horrors where it's all one giant aggregation/inheritance nightmare”
Comment from 22 Sep 2026 in “Microsoft killed FoxPro in 2007. Anyway, here's FoxPro revived” - Comment from 22 Sep 2026 in “Microsoft killed FoxPro in 2007. Anyway, here's FoxPro revived”
Not usable for cross-platform apps
“I do have fond feelings towards winforms and wpf from years ago, but I can't use it to write cross platform applications.”
Comment from 11 Sep 2026 in “Rust is tier-1 language at Microsoft” “It's even better than WPF because you have access to tons of UI components and toolkits that work everywhere.”
Comment from 6 Apr 2026 in “Microsoft Hasn't Had a Coherent GUI Strategy Since Petzold” Extra overhead breaks native-feel scenarios
“the extra overhead related to WPF broke common scenarios we'd never think twice about on the true native side”
Comment from 17 May 2026 in “Native all the way, until you need text” “WPF should have degraded gracefully (read, full speed performance without the bling) but it didn't.”
Comment from 6 Apr 2026 in “Microsoft Hasn't Had a Coherent GUI Strategy Since Petzold” Microsoft rug-pulls and shifting strategy
“the constant stream of rug-pulls as one bit of MS managed to pull off a political heist over another”
Comment from 5 Apr 2026 in “Microsoft Hasn't Had a Coherent GUI Strategy Since Petzold” “Microsoft itself rugpulls even stuff they offer as "improvements" and "better"”
Comment from 4 May 2026 in “Windows API Is Successful Cross-Platform API”
Other GUI frameworks people recommend
The four most recommended other GUI frameworks, with the same counts for each, so you can compare like for like. The tick on each bar marks the 2 to 1 line the badge needs.
| Product | Recommend | Criticize | Approval | Months | Owned | Badge |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qt | 191 | 133 | 59% | 12 | 15 yrs7 owners | — |
| GTK | 85 | 118 | 42% | 12 | — | — |
| Windows Forms | 76 | 33 | 70% | 12 | 15 yrs3 owners | Approved |
| SwiftUI | 75 | 121 | 38% | 11 | 4 yrs8 owners | — |
| WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation)This page | 43 | 34 | 56% | 12 | — | — |
What people said
40 of the 94 comments that mention it, newest first. Each links to the original comment.
“that toolkit does a lot of things right with controls that only define their behavior”
“which no more enforces the separation of presentation and execution than Windows Forms does, it just gives you more and higher-level options”
“XAML/WPF Styling horrors where it's all one giant aggregation/inheritance nightmare”
“XAML/WPF created too much complexity for most of the developers that were working with WinForms”
“I do have fond feelings towards winforms and wpf from years ago, but I can't use it to write cross platform applications.”
“You're better off doing the UI in WPF and calling into Rust DLLs.”
“WPF programs can have great accessibility - this comes from the fact that programmers can manipulate primitives which are semantically meaningful”
“the extra overhead related to WPF broke common scenarios we'd never think twice about on the true native side”
“There is nothing about the framework that says your app is going to look 'old'”
“the only truly usable products still seem to be WPF and WinForms”
“Microsoft itself rugpulls even stuff they offer as "improvements" and "better"”
“styling your GUI is so much more complicated and it descends into this overly complex impossible to understand system”
“WPF is modern enough to handle things like dark mode and High DPI relatively well”
“WPF, hot off the press and obviously very promising (but also obviously requiring a lot of polish”
“WPF should have degraded gracefully (read, full speed performance without the bling) but it didn't.”
“it had a better answer for binding UI elements to data”
“WPF plus OpenTK is a really robust and non-surprising development platform that runs from old laptops”
“most windows devs would consider WPF/.NET a native option”
“It's even better than WPF because you have access to tons of UI components and toolkits that work everywhere.”
“WPF looks much nicer. Personally I find it hard as hell to debug.”
“If I'm writing Windows desktop GUIs I still stick to WPF. Might be Stockholm syndrome but I quite like it.”
“the constant stream of rug-pulls as one bit of MS managed to pull off a political heist over another”
“it is officially and fully supported in the modern .NET”
“The only modern and battle-tested UI framework on Windows is WPF.”
“WPF scales and works perfectly with HiDPI displays”
“MFC, WinForms, WPF are all still supported and updated.”
“For what you describe, .NET + WinForms or WPF will work just fine.”
“Extremely powerful with lots of small composable primitives”
“I was hoping it would basically bring WPF into first class citizen territory.”
“Keep using Win32, MFC (yes it is in a better state than WinUI 3.0 with C++), WinForms, WPF”
“WPF and Winforms are extremely stable with no real issues.”
“WPF had bugs, C# has a number of big problems, but it was, overall, very nice.”
“Old and mature versus modern and immature.”
“If you use WPF you can have the Mica backdrop underneath your WebView2 content”
“DirectX 12, WPF, ClearType ... are all has some good engineering and widespread adoption”
“WinUI 3 and WPF are supposed to be the "official" frameworks to use”
“Moving from User32.dll and GDI to GPU based rendering with WPF, might not have been the worst idea - and WPF is still going strong”
“WinForms and WPF are still well supported.”
“the drag and drop UI builder was the worst aspect of WPF and generated terrible Xaml that was almost impossible to maintain”
“WPF is still well-used by Windows and other Microsoft utilities like Windows Terminal.”
Counts come from 1,795,640 Hacker News comments, November 2025 to November 2026. How we count. Report a mistake.